Banjo and Fiddle by William Kroll is a short, lively and virtuoso piece (originally for violin and piano). It was composed in 1945 and is one of Kroll's best-known works. The piece combines classical violin technique with elements of American folk music, in particular the sound of bluegrass, country fiddle music and ragtime.

William Kroll was an American violinist, composer and music teacher. Although he composed only a few works, he is best known for Banjo and Fiddle. Kroll was an accomplished violinist and performed both as a soloist and as a member of the renowned Coolidge Quartet.